May 5 – 9, 2025
STELLENBOSCH, CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
Africa/Johannesburg timezone

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Minor Planet Center Updates and New Developments

May 7, 2025, 10:17 AM
8m
STELLENBOSCH, CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA

STELLENBOSCH, CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA

Protea Hotel by Marriott® Stellenbosch
Oral Near-Earth Object (NEO) Discovery Session 4: Near-Earth Object (NEO) Discovery

Speaker

Federica Spoto (Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian)

Description

Keywords: Near-Earth asteroids, NEOCP, MPC, impactors

The Minor Planet Center (MPC) serves as the single worldwide location for tracking and cataloging asteroids, natural irregular satellites of the major planets, and comets, making it central to planetary defense efforts. Operated at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, MA, under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union and funded by NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office, the MPC provides publicly accessible data, orbital elements, and products through web-hosted tools (APIs) and files. Additionally, a live PostgreSQL database, updated in real-time during submission processing, allows for data replication and improves accessibility.

A key service is the NEO Confirmation Page (NEOCP), which offers observations and ephemerides for newly discovered, fast-moving, or otherwise unusual objects requiring immediate confirmation. This tool is crucial for rapid response, especially when identifying potential Earth impactors with only hours of lead time.
We will provide an update on current MPC services, with an emphasis on NEOCP performance in scenarios involving newly identified impactors. We will also outline our ongoing efforts to adapt to future survey demands, such as those anticipated from the Vera Rubin Observatory (VRO/LSST) and the NEO Surveyor mission.

Key improvement include:

  • Enhancing processing pipelines for greater efficiency and scalability.
  • Optimizing usability and accessibility of observation and orbit database tables.
  • Strengthening the validation of data products.
  • Upgrading communication and redesigning the MPC website for a more user-friendly experience.

Author

Federica Spoto (Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian)

Co-author

Matthew Payne (Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian)

Presentation materials